便秘

迹象 & 症状

Although bowel movement frequency varies greatly for each person, 如果超过三天没有排便, 肠内的内容物可能会变硬, 使其难以甚至痛苦地通过. Straining during bowel movements or the feeling of incomplete emptying also may be considered constipation.

便秘 is a symptom, not a disease, and can be caused by many factors. 最常见的是饮食不良和缺乏锻炼. 其他原因包括肠易激综合症, 怀孕, 泻药滥用, 旅行, 特定疾病, 激素干扰, 身体盐分流失和神经损伤. 多种药物也会引起便秘, 比如止痛药, 尤其是毒品, 含铝的抗酸剂, 抗痉挛药, 抗抑郁药物, 镇静剂, 补铁剂, 抗癫痫药, antiparkinsonism drugs and antihypertensive calcium channel blockers.

Each individual may experience 症状 of constipation differently. 然而，一些最常见的症状包括:

• The inability to have a bowel movement for several days or passing hard, dry stools
• 腹胀、痉挛或疼痛
• 食欲下降
• 嗜睡

诊断

你的十大赌博平台排行榜会询问你的病史, 做一次身体检查，并安排常规血液, 尿液和粪便测试. Other diagnostic tests used to make a diagnosis of constipation include sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy.

乙状结肠镜检查

乙状结肠镜检查, 十大赌博平台排行榜使用一种叫做结肠镜的特殊仪器, 这是一个很长的, flexible tube that is about as thick as your index finger and has a tiny video camera and light on the end, 检查你的直肠和结肠下部. During the procedure, everything will be done to help you be as comfortable as possible. Your blood pressure, pulse and the oxygen level in your blood will be carefully monitored.

你的十大赌博平台排行榜会戴着手套给你做直肠检查, lubricated finger; then the lubricated colonoscope will be gently inserted. 当瞄准镜缓慢而小心地通过时, 你可能会觉得你需要大便, 因为空气被引入来帮助推进视野, 你可能会感到抽筋或饱腹. 然而，一般来说，很少或没有不适. 偶尔, 一些腹部压力, 哪个可以由你的护士提供, or a change in position may be needed to avoid looping of the colonoscope within the abdomen. Your doctor will advance the scope until he or she has examined the left side of the colon. Afterwards, the scope is then carefully withdrawn while a thorough exam of the colon is performed. 在考试的这个阶段, your doctor will use the colonoscope to look closely for any polyps or other problems that may require evaluation, 诊断或治疗. 这个过程通常需要10到15分钟.

结肠镜检查

结肠镜检查 is used to evaluate 症状 such as abdominal pain, 肠血, 排便习惯改变，如便秘或腹泻, 还有减肥. 该检查与乙状结肠镜检查类似, 但是十大赌博平台排行榜会检查整个结肠, 而不仅仅是左侧. “结肠镜检查”一词的意思是检查结肠内部. 结肠镜检查 is a procedure performed by a gastroenterologist, a well-trained specialized doctor.

结肠镜检查也是用结肠镜进行的, 这是一个很长的, flexible tube that is about as thick as your index finger and has a tiny video camera and light on the end, 检查你的直肠和结肠下部. During the procedure, everything will be done to help you be as comfortable as possible. Your blood pressure, pulse and the oxygen level in your blood will be carefully monitored.

通过调整结肠镜上的各种控制, the gastroenterologist can safely maneuver the instrument to carefully examine the inside lining of the colon from the anus to the cecum. The colonoscope contains a channel that allows instruments to be passed in order to take tissue or stool samples, 切除息肉并提供其他治疗. 结肠镜的高质量照片, 显示在电视显示器上, 提供了一个清晰的, 冒号的详细视图. 它提供了比x光检查更精确的检查.

你的十大赌博平台排行榜会戴着手套给你做直肠检查, lubricated finger; then the lubricated colonoscope will be gently inserted. 当瞄准镜缓慢而小心地通过时, 你可能会觉得你需要大便, 因为空气被引入来帮助推进视野, 你可能会感到抽筋或饱腹. 然而，一般来说，很少或没有不适. 偶尔, 一些腹部压力, 哪个可以由你的护士提供, or a change in position may be needed to avoid looping of the colonoscope within the abdomen. Your doctor will advance the scope until he or she reaches the beginning of the colon, 叫做盲肠. 在达到这一点之后, the scope is then carefully withdrawn while a thorough exam of the colon is performed. 在考试的这个阶段, your doctor will use the colonoscope to look closely for any polyps or other problems that may require evaluation, 诊断或治疗. 这个过程通常需要10到15分钟.

治疗

Treatment for constipation depends on the cause, severity and duration. 然而, 在大多数情况下, dietary and lifestyle changes will help relieve 症状 and prevent the condition altogether. 均衡饮食，包括富含纤维的食物, 比如未经加工的麸皮, 全麦面包和新鲜水果和蔬菜, 建议. Ideally, you should consume 20 to 35 grams of fiber each day. In addition, drinking plenty of fluids and exercising regularly helps stimulate intestinal activity.

Although most people who are mildly constipated do not need laxatives and an overuse of laxatives can actually cause constipation, they may be recommended for those who are still suffering from the condition even after making diet and lifestyle changes. Your doctor is best qualified to determine when a laxative is needed and which type.