卡波济氏 肉瘤

迹象 & 症状

如果有卡波西肉瘤(KS)的迹象, 十大赌博平台排行榜会仔细检查皮肤和淋巴结. Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped structures that are found throughout the body. 它们产生并储存抗感染细胞. The doctor also may recommend other tests to see if the patient has other diseases.

KS causes red or purple patches, called lesions, on the skin as well as on mucous membranes. It may spread to other organs in the body, such as the lungs, liver or intestinal tract.

类型

患者根据所患卡波西肉瘤的类型进行分组. 卡波西氏肉瘤有三种类型:

• 经典 经典 卡波济氏 sarcoma is often described as occurring mainly in older men of Jewish, 意大利或地中海遗产. 然而, 它在撒哈拉以南非洲的大部分地区也相对更为普遍, 南美, the Middle East and the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe than in Western Europe and the United States.This type of 卡波济氏 sarcoma progresses slowly, sometimes over a period of 10 to 15 years. As the disease gets worse, the lower legs may swell and the blood may not be able to flow properly. 一段时间后，这种疾病可能会扩散到其他器官.
• Immunosuppressive-Treatment相关 卡波济氏 sarcoma may occur in people who are taking drugs called immunosuppresants to make their immune systems weaker. 免疫系统帮助身体抵抗感染. 接受过器官移植的人, 比如肝脏或肾脏的移植, have to take drugs to prevent their immune systems from attacking the new organs.
• 疫情 卡波济氏 sarcoma in patients who have 艾滋病 is called epidemic 卡波济氏 sarcoma. It usually spreads more quickly than other kinds of 卡波济氏 sarcoma and often is found in many parts of the body.

治疗

Four kinds of treatment generally are used to treat patients with 卡波济氏 sarcoma:

• 手术切除肿瘤
• 化疗，用药物杀死癌细胞
• 放射疗法，使用高剂量x射线杀死癌细胞
• 生物疗法，利用人体的免疫系统来对抗癌症

手术

手术意味着切除肿瘤. 十大赌博平台排行榜可以使用以下方法之一切除肿瘤:

• 手术切除病变和周围的一些组织
• Electrodesiccation and curettage to burn the lesion and remove it with a sharp instrument
• 冷冻疗法，冷冻肿瘤并杀死它

化疗

化疗使用药物杀死癌细胞. 化疗 may be taken by pill or it may be put into the body by a needle in a vein or muscle.

化疗 is called a systemic treatment because the drug enters the bloodstream, 在体内传播，可以杀死原发部位外的癌细胞. 因为卡波西肉瘤是一种全身性疾病, 经常同时在几个不同的地方发展, 通常需要全身治疗.

A safe and fairly effective chemotherapy drug commonly used to treat 卡波济氏 sarcoma is liposomal doxorubicin, 被称为Doxil. 卡波西肉瘤的化疗也可以注射到病变部位, 一种叫做病灶内化疗的治疗方法.

放射治疗

Radiation therapy uses high-dose X-rays or other high-energy rays to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Radiation therapy used to be a common treatment of 卡波济氏 sarcoma but it is a local treatment for a disease that often is widespread. Another limitation is that it can only be used at each location, yet KS tends to recur.

生物治疗

生物疗法试图让身体对抗癌症. 它使用人体或实验室制造的材料来增强, 指导或恢复身体对疾病的自然防御. Biological therapy is sometimes called biological response modifier (BRM) therapy or immunotherapy. 干扰素对某些KS患者有用, 尤其是如果他们的免疫系统相对健康的话.